Effect of Supply Chain Management Practices on the Sustainable Performance of Pharmaceutical Enterprises in Nasarawa State

Abstract

The pharmaceutical sector plays a critical role in public health and economic development; however, many pharmaceutical enterprises in Nasarawa State continue to face operational inefficiencies, particularly across the supply chain. This study examined the effect of Strategic Sourcing and Inventory Management on the sustainable performance of pharmaceutical enterprises in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Grounded in the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) theory, the research explored how supply chain strategies influence sustainability across financial, social and environmental dimensions. A survey research design was adopted and data were collected from 197 owners and managers of registered pharmaceutical enterprises using a structured questionnaire. Analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that both strategic sourcing and inventory management have positive and statistically significant effects on sustainable performance, with strategic sourcing demonstrating a stronger influence. Based on these findings, the study recommends that pharmaceutical enterprises adopt integrated sourcing frameworks and modern inventory systems as strategic tools to enhance sustainability, reduce operational waste and improve service delivery in the state’s healthcare supply chain.